BOJ Holds Rates Steady, Warns of Iran War Impact on Inflation Outlook

The Yomiuri Shimbun

12:55 JST, March 19, 2026

TOKYO, March 19 (Reuters) – The Bank of Japan kept interest rates steady on Thursday but warned of the impact rising oil costs from the Middle East conflict could have on underlying inflation, signaling its caution over mounting price pressures.

Two hawkish board members also dissented to the central bank’s projection on how soon inflation may durably hit its target, arguing that the timing could be faster than initially expected.

The BOJ’s decision came in a week crammed with central bank meetings, where policymakers grappled with a policy path muddled by the Middle East oil shock. The Federal Reserve and Bank of Canada kept rates on hold but struck hawkish tones on Wednesday, mindful of the risk surging oil prices could fan inflation.

“In the wake of increased tension in the Middle East, global markets have been volatile,” the BOJ said in a statement announcing the decision, adding that rising oil prices will likely put upward pressure on consumer inflation.

“Attention should be paid to the impact of rising crude oil prices on the outlook for underlying consumer inflation.”

At the two-day meeting ending on Thursday, the BOJ left unchanged its short-term policy rate at 0.75%. Board member Hajime Takata repeated an unsuccessful proposal he made in January to push up rates to 1.0%, arguing that Japan has already seen inflation durably hit 2%.

Another board member Naoki Tamura also dissented to the BOJ’s view inflation will durably hit 2% sometime from October, arguing instead the timing could come as soon as April.

Investors are focusing on how Governor Kazuo Ueda, at his post-meeting briefing, will frame the balance between the need to support a shock-hit economy and avoid being behind the curve on inflation.

Despite heightened uncertainty from the Iran war, markets see roughly a 60% chance of another rate hike in April.

Any dovish remarks from Ueda may weaken the yen, which slid towards the 160-per-dollar level seen as authorities’ line in the sand for currency intervention, analysts say.

“If yen depreciation were to accelerate sharply, that could increase the chances of earlier action. However, absent such an external catalyst, I see little reason to expect the BOJ to bring forward the timing of its next rate hike,” said Masato Koike, senior economist at Sompo Institute Plus in Tokyo.

“Given the high level of uncertainty, I expect Governor Ueda to focus on making comments that avoid locking himself into any specific commitment as much as possible.”

Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama issued a fresh warning to speculators against pushing down the yen too much, saying authorities were prepared to take action against volatile moves.

“Today is a day when speculative players could be active,” Katayama said in a news conference on Thursday, citing Ueda’s press conference, a Japan-U.S. summit and uncertainty surrounding developments in the Middle East.